Lookup function

MATCH

How far down the list is it?

Purpose

Find how far down a list a value sits

Returns

A number: the position of the value in the list

Syntax

=MATCH(find_value, look_in, [how])

ArgumentRequiredWhat goes here
find_valueRequiredThe code or name you are looking for.
look_inRequiredThe single column to search, like B2:B13.
howOptionalWrite 0 for an exact match, which is what you want here.

How to use MATCH

MATCH returns a position, not a value. Fourth in the list, not what the fourth thing is.

The third argument says how to match, and it should be 0 for exact. Leave it out and Excel matches approximately against a list it assumes is sorted, which returns a confident wrong answer on an unsorted column.

Its usual job is feeding INDEX. It is also useful on its own as a check: MATCH tells you whether a code is on a list at all, and where.

Position is relative to the range you gave it, so a range starting at row 2 reports the first row as 1.

Examples

Every result below is worked out by the same evaluator that marks your answers, on the sheet shown here.

Payables ageing — October.xlsxSheet1
Harbour Foods payables at 31 October 2026, with supplier terms alongside
ABCDEFGH
1InvoiceSupplierStatusDays overdueAmountSupplierTerms (days)
2INV-8801Brightwell PaperOverdue12940Ashgrove Catering30
3INV-8802Calder UtilitiesQueried471180Brightwell Paper30
4INV-8803Meridian FreightOverdue632450Calder Utilities14
5INV-8804Ashgrove CateringOn terms0405Meridian Freight45
6INV-8805Brightwell PaperOverdue38760Thornbury Print60
7INV-8806Thornbury PrintOverdue911320
8INV-8807Meridian FreightOn terms0580
9INV-8808Calder UtilitiesOverdue24215
FormulaResult
=MATCH("Meridian Freight",G2:G6,0)Fourth in the terms table. The number is only useful to something else.4
=INDEX(H2:H6,MATCH("Meridian Freight",G2:G6,0))Handed to INDEX, it becomes a lookup.45
=MATCH(2450,E2:E9,0)Which row of the ledger holds that amount, counting from the first data row.3
=IFERROR(MATCH("Harbour Ltd",G2:G6,0),"Not on the list")Used as a check rather than a lookup: is this supplier on the table at all. MATCH stops with an error when it is not, so something has to catch that and say so.Not on the list

Notes

  • Always write 0 as the third argument. Without it MATCH assumes the list is sorted and returns the nearest one below.
  • MATCH errors when the value is not there, which is useful information and not a failure.
Practise MATCH in Unit 23

A reference tells you what it does. A unit makes you use it.