Logic function

OR

At least one test has to hold.

Purpose

Check whether at least one of several conditions holds

Returns

TRUE when any test is TRUE, FALSE only when none of them are

Syntax

=OR(test1, [test2], ...)

ArgumentRequiredWhat goes here
test1RequiredA comparison that may be true.
test2OptionalA comparison that may be true.

How to use OR

OR returns TRUE as soon as one of its tests holds. Every test has to fail for it to return FALSE.

It is how a rule covers several spellings of the same situation: a row that is either overdue or queried is a row somebody has to look at.

OR and AND nest inside each other freely. The pattern worth recognising is OR inside AND, which reads as "any of these, and also this".

As with AND, the useful form is inside an IF or a formatting rule rather than on its own.

Examples

Every result below is worked out by the same evaluator that marks your answers, on the sheet shown here.

Payables ageing — October.xlsxSheet1
Harbour Foods payables at 31 October 2026, with supplier terms alongside
ABCDEFGH
1InvoiceSupplierStatusDays overdueAmountSupplierTerms (days)
2INV-8801Brightwell PaperOverdue12940Ashgrove Catering30
3INV-8802Calder UtilitiesQueried471180Brightwell Paper30
4INV-8803Meridian FreightOverdue632450Calder Utilities14
5INV-8804Ashgrove CateringOn terms0405Meridian Freight45
6INV-8805Brightwell PaperOverdue38760Thornbury Print60
7INV-8806Thornbury PrintOverdue911320
8INV-8807Meridian FreightOn terms0580
9INV-8808Calder UtilitiesOverdue24215
FormulaResult
=OR(C3="Overdue",C3="Queried")Queried is one of the two, so TRUE.TRUE
=OR(C5="Overdue",C5="Queried")On terms is neither, so FALSE.FALSE
=IF(OR(D9>60,E9>2000),"Escalate","Normal")Twenty-four days and two hundred and fifteen pounds. Neither test holds.Normal
=IF(OR(D4>60,E4>2000),"Escalate","Normal")The same rule on a row where both happen to hold. OR only needed one of them.Escalate

Notes

  • OR is not exclusive. Both tests holding is still TRUE.
  • A long OR listing many values is usually better written as a lookup against a list.
Practise OR in Unit 12

A reference tells you what it does. A unit makes you use it.