Totals and counts function

MAX

The largest number.

Purpose

Find the largest figure in a range

Returns

The largest number, ignoring text and blanks

Syntax

=MAX(range1, [range2], ...)

ArgumentRequiredWhat goes here
range1RequiredThe cells to look at.
range2OptionalThe cells to look at.

How to use MAX

MAX returns the largest number it can find. It is the fastest way to size an exposure: the biggest single item is the one that matters most if it goes wrong.

It tells you the amount and not which row it is on. INDEX and MATCH around it turn the figure into the invoice.

Dates here are text in the form 2026-10-31, which sorts in date order, so MAX over a date column gives the latest date.

Examples

Every result below is worked out by the same evaluator that marks your answers, on the sheet shown here.

Payables ageing — October.xlsxSheet1
Harbour Foods payables at 31 October 2026, with supplier terms alongside
ABCDEFGH
1InvoiceSupplierStatusDays overdueAmountSupplierTerms (days)
2INV-8801Brightwell PaperOverdue12940Ashgrove Catering30
3INV-8802Calder UtilitiesQueried471180Brightwell Paper30
4INV-8803Meridian FreightOverdue632450Calder Utilities14
5INV-8804Ashgrove CateringOn terms0405Meridian Freight45
6INV-8805Brightwell PaperOverdue38760Thornbury Print60
7INV-8806Thornbury PrintOverdue911320
8INV-8807Meridian FreightOn terms0580
9INV-8808Calder UtilitiesOverdue24215
FormulaResult
=MAX(E2:E9)The largest invoice on the ledger.2450
=MAX(D2:D9)The oldest debt, in days.91
=INDEX(A2:A9,MATCH(MAX(E2:E9),E2:E9,0))Which invoice that largest figure belongs to. MAX finds the amount, MATCH finds its row, INDEX reads the reference off it.INV-8803
=ROUND(MAX(E2:E9)/SUM(E2:E9),3)What share of the ledger sits in one invoice. This is the number that says whether the total is concentrated.0.312

Notes

  • MAX over an empty range returns nought rather than an error, which can read as a real answer.
  • MAXIFS narrows it to rows meeting a condition.
Practise MAX in Unit 13

A reference tells you what it does. A unit makes you use it.